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Changing of the Birds

Fall is on the way. During the hot, dull days of August and September it seems that summer isn't changing. Day follows monotonous day. Summer seems as if it will last forever.

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Mat-forming Quillwort (Isoetes tegitiformans)

Aquatic plant 3-8 centimeters (1.2-3.2in) tall that reproduces by spores. Has five to 10 pointed, stiff and needle-like leaves, about 5-7 centimeters (2-2.8 in) long and 1 millimeter (0.04 in) wide. Leaves have light green tops that yellow toward the base.

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Intermediate-Aged Stand Management: Between Planting and Harvest

Many forest stands in Georgia suffer from three common problems of middle-aged forests: Poor management, if any at all; no planning for regeneration; and stands that are too dense.

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4-H Member's Guide: Starting and Maintaining a Marine Aquarium

This project is intended for those 4-H members who have an interest in aquariums and would like to start a project on salt water aquariums. To satisfactorily complete this project you must read the information carefully, do what is suggested, keep accurate data and successfully maintain your salt water aquarium for a period of at least six months.

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Tips for Hunting Leases

Leasing hunting land is one of several types of hunting enterprises. A good lease describes the agreements between landowner and hunter so that there are no misunderstandings about the privileges being purchased.

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The American Society of Consulting Arborists

The American Society of Consulting Arborists advances the arboricultural consulting profession by promoting public awareness and enhancing the knowledge, skills and practice of its members.

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Marketing for Wood Products Companies

Marketing is a primary determinant of company success. Only by properly identifying what customers want and need on a continual basis, can wood products firms be successful. Competition will only increase in the years ahead. Those companies that have a good understanding of markets and implement a well thought out marketing program to meet their needs will have an advantage in the 21st Century.

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International Society of Arboriculture (ISA)

The International Society of Arboriculture is a worldwide professional organization dedicated to fostering a greater appreciation for trees and to promoting research, technology, and the professional practice of arboriculture.

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How Forest Trees Grow

Knowing how forest trees grow can help woodland owners predict yeilds. Being able to understand the growing cycles of different trees will also help the owner decide when and how to plant, thin and prune trees to increase wood production.

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Growing Quality Wood from CRP Plantations
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Added: October 25, 2008

All that can be seen of a growing tree is the outside, but the inside is what determines its value as raw material for wood products. A pine tree grows noticeably taller and bigger around each year, and it adds new branches and new needles. Under normal growing conditions, it also adds a new layer of wood along its entire length in the form of a continuous sheath under the bark. Annual overlapping sheaths are what form the main stem and the branches.

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Florida Torreya (Torreya taxifolia)

Small to medium-sized evergreen tree with a pungent, aromatic odor. Horizontal and spreading branches have drooping tips. Mature height is 10.6 meters (35 ft) and mature diameter is 18 centimeters (1.5 ft). Needles are stiff, pointed, about 2.5 - 4 centim...

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Designing a Prescribed Fire Demonstration Area

This site focuses on how to design a prescribed fire demonstration and the benefits that come from prescribed burning.

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Control of Shoot-root Balance in Trees

This publication is a synthesis of the tree growth regulation and correlation literature. General processes and systems presented here represent educational models which professionals can use to better appreciate and understand basic tree functions.

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Trees for Medians in Tennessee

This publication explains the guidelines for selecting a tree as a median and provides a listing of the most popular median trees.

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The Clemson Beaver Pond Leveler

The Clemson Beaver Pond Leveler was``developed to meet two goals. The need to suppress the problem of flooding agricultural and timber lands was``paramount. The second goal was to maintain or improve some of the benefits derived from beaver ponds and``associated plant communities while preventing extensive flood damage.

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Storing, Handling, and Planting Southern Pine Seedlings

Pine seedlings should also carry this label. They are fragile. Many landowners spend large sums of money on site preparation and planting of their pine seedlings, only to see many of their seedlings fail to survive. There can, of course, be many causes for a low survival rate. However, among the most common causes are improper handling and planting. The following information is provided to assist you in properly caring for pine seedlings in your planting operation.

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Marketing Your Timber: The Timber Sales Agreement

The best way to help prevent misunderstandings is to have good communication before the sale and then document that communication in a timber sales agreement so all persons know their responsibilities and what is expected. A well-written contract will save the purchaser and seller time and money by eliminating problems that can result in litigation.

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Timber Basis for Federal Income Tax

This article reviews considerations for recovering capital expenditures and briefly touches on smoothing income flows to minimize passive losses.

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A Hunter's Guide to Aging and Judging Live White-Tailed Deer in the Southeast

Managing deer population numbers and sex ratio requires selective harvest. This publication provides a few general physical criteria for aging and sexing deer before harvest.

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Help Save America's Pearly Mussels

This publication will provide you with a brief look at freshwater mussels -- what they look like, where they live, what they eat, why they are valuable, how they are used, why some are in trouble, and how to protect these simple but important aquatic animals.

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Soil Compaction & Trees: Causes, Symptoms & Effects
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Added: November 05, 2008

The health and structure of trees are reflections of soil health. The ecological processes which govern tree survival and growth are concentrated around the soil/root interface. As soils, and associated resources change, tree systems must change to effectively utilize and tolerate changing resources quantities and qualities, as well as the physical space available. Soil compaction is a major tree-limiting feature of community forest managers and arborists.

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Growth Increment Area Increase
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Added: October 31, 2008

The secondary growth of trees produces unique mechanical and biological solutions to life. From shoot tip to root tip, a new growth increment is deposited on the outside of the last growth increment. This livingsheath of tissue generated (facilitated) by the last growth increment, minimizes transport resistances and pathway defense, as well as spreading out bending, twisting and gravitational loads. As new growth increments generate, some of the most interior increments are internally shed and closed-down. The geometric result is a nearly round in cross-section, longitudinally tapered, nested set of conical shaped growth increment layers.

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Compaction Tolerant Trees
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Added: November 05, 2008

Soil compaction is a complex set of physical, chemical, and biological constraints on tree growth. Principle components leading to limited growth are the loss of aeration pore space, poor gas exchange with the atmosphere, lack of tree available water, and mechanical impedance of root growth. There are significant genetic differences between tree species for tolerating various levels of soil compaction.

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Natural Landscaping Toolkit: Chapter 1

This Source Book will: Explain the basic principles and benefits of natural landscaping; Demonstrate the feasibility of using natural landscaping successfully in the region; Provide information regarding the ways that local officials as community leaders can encourage the use of natural landscaping; Identify ways to avoid pitfalls that could result in poorly implemented natural landscaping or cause problems for local government;

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Felling, Bucking and Limbing Trees

Whether you are using your chain saw to cut firewood, trim trees or harvest large timber, you will be performing three basic operations — felling, bucking and limbing of trees. This article describes each of those three practices.

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Earth Observatory: Natural Hazards

Wildfire is a natural part of Earth's environment; sparked in most cases by lightning strikes and occasionally by volcanic eruptions. Wildfires consume a million or more square kilometers per year.

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Cutting Firewood Safely

Cutting your own firewood can be a very worthwhile and rewarding experience if done properly. However, if it is done improperly without regard to safe cutting techniques, serious injury or death can result.

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Winterizing Trees: Dormant Season Preparations

Have you winterized your trees yet? Fall is a time of serious change and reorganization within a tree. Many trees will not survive to grow in another Spring. You can help your trees survive and thrive.

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Financial Aid to Private Landowners

This publication briefly describes cost-share, loan, grant, easement/land retirement, and land donation programs available to private landowners or that could be applied to private lands to acquire, manage, conserve, and protect natural resources in Minnesota.

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Oaks and Other Trees May Naturally Shed Small Branches

From time to time, natural pruning of small branches from oaks and other trees causes alarm to homeowners because they think the tree is dying. This is referred to as branch abscission or cladoptosis. A similar abscission process occurs when deciduous trees shed their leaves each fall.

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